Scharmützelsee, Brandenburg's largest natural lake, covers 1210 hectares and is located approximately 25 kilometres from Berlin's south-eastern border in the Saarow Hills. The lake formed during the last ice age from meltwater erosion and reaches a maximum depth of 31.3 metres. It has experienced eutrophication from wastewater discharge and agricultural runoff but has recovered significantly following improvements to sewage treatment, with water clarity now averaging 2.1 metres. The bathing area at Bad Saarow, Pieskow is monitored through fortnightly sampling by the district health authority.
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